Development history of international logistics
International logistics
Only after the Second World War did international economic exchanges expand and become more active. Especially after the oil crisis in the 1970s, the original concept of transportation to meet the needs of transporting necessary goods could no longer meet the new requirements, and system logistics entered the international field during this period.
In the 1960s, large-scale international logistics began to form, and large-scale logistics tools appeared in logistics technology, such as 200,000-ton oil tankers and 100,000-ton ore ships.
In the 1970s, under the influence of the oil crisis, international logistics not only further developed in quantity, and the trend of large-scale ships was further strengthened, but also, there was a requirement to improve the level of international logistics services, which was marked by the development of international containers and international container ships. Container ships have been invested in the liner ships of the main routes between the two countries, which has raised the logistics level of bulk and general cargo and greatly improved the level of logistics services.
In the middle and late 1970s, there was a new situation of a substantial increase in air logistics in the field of international logistics, and at the same time, a higher level of international intermodal transportation appeared. The trend of large-scale ships has developed to a peak, and there have been oil tankers of 500,000 tons and bulk carriers of about 300,000 tons.
The outstanding feature of international logistics in the early and mid-1980s was the emergence of "fine logistics" when the volume of logistics did not continue to expand. The level of mechanization and automation of logistics was improved. Focusing on solving the logistics of "small batch, high frequency and multi-variety", modern logistics not only covers a large number of goods and containerized general goods, but also covers a variety of goods, basically covering all logistics objects and solving all logistics objects. of modern logistics.
Another major development in the field of international logistics in the 1980s and 1990s was the emergence of logistics information and electronic data interchange (EDI) systems with international intermodal logistics. The role of information makes logistics develop in the direction of lower cost, higher service, greater quantification and more refinement. This problem is more prominent in international logistics than in domestic logistics. Almost every activity in logistics is supported by information. Logistics quality depends on information, and logistics services rely on information. It can be said that international logistics has entered the era of logistics information.
In the 1990s, relying on the development of information technology, international logistics realized "informatization". The role of information in international logistics, relying on the Internet public platform, penetrated into various related fields. At the same time, new technologies such as global satellite positioning systems and electronic customs declaration systems appeared. Information system, on this basis, builds an international supply chain, forms an international logistics system, and further improves the level of international logistics.